Which of the following explains how global demand for palm oil has proved beneficial and detrimental f. Palm oil exports provided substantial corporate profits, but the growth in the industry resulted in heavy deforestation in both countries. The latter may be 0.5 um while the former may be 100 um (which is more than 10X in comparative size). Which of the following best explains diffusion? A. Golgi apparatus Cytosol is composed of water and other molecules, including enzymes, which are proteins that speed up the cell's chemical reactions. Incorrect options: Option A is incorrect because space-time compression is the shortened time or communication between two places. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, then predict what will happen to the cell. A. synthesize proteins Which of these components add specialized functions to the plasma membrane? When they move in the same direction, the protein that transports them is called a. Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane? A. Even in large industrial reactions, when two liquids are mixed together, diffusion brings the reactants together and allows the reaction to proceed smoothly. What is the basic difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us [email protected] check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. This is related to both the mass of the molecule and its surface area. If a person goes to the hospital for surgery and requires IV (intravenous) fluids, which of the following should you expect? What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? The Diffusion of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, and Inert Gas in Flowing Blood. Increase C. Decrease D. It would depend on the nature and temperature of the coolant, 3. When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, tap "retry" to try those cards again. Because a solute moving down its concentration gradient is spontaneous. So something must protect the cell and allow it to survive in its water-based environment. C. Extracellular fluid should be isotonic to intracellular fluid. Overall, there are more positive charges on the outside of the membrane than on the inside. Facilitated diffusion requires the assistance of proteins. A. Sheep production in New Zealand and poultry production in Arkansas produce food animals for human consumption. In comparing two solutions of unequal solute concentration, the solution with the higher solute concentration is hypertonic, and the solution with the lower solute concentration is hypotonic. Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post Because it is faster to u, Posted 7 years ago. a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW\begin{array}{l}{\text { a. } Therefore, they are NOT able to __________. The rate of diffusion of a gas across a surface is controlled by the following: k, the gas diffusion constant; A, the area for gas exchange; P2-P1, the difference in partial pressure of gas on either side of diffusion barrier; D, the distance across which the gas must diffuse (thickness of diffusion barrier) osmosis, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion are all what type of process? The membrane potential of a typical cell is -40 to -80 millivolts, with the minus sign meaning that inside of the cell is more negative than the outside, As an example of how the membrane potential can affect ion movement, lets look at sodium and potassium ions. This voltage will be maintained as long as K, For more explanation of how the voltage across the membrane is established, take a look at the. Na+/K+ pump. Compared to plain milk or fresh fruit, these value-added agricultural goods significantly increase the price of the farm products sold and increase earnings for farmers. Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? Which of the following compares this geographic relationship between these revolutions? For example, if a block of dry ice (carbon dioxide in solid form) is placed inside a box, carbon dioxide molecules in the center of the block mostly collide with each other and get retained within the solid mass. Have you ever colored a picture with marker and noticed that two touching colors begin to bleed together? passive transport: a method of transporting material that does not require energy. fats and proteins yield too much energy for the cells to process. When placed in a hypertonic solution, a red blood cell will lose water and undergo crenation (shrivel). yes, dimensions also play a role in the case of transport. Although one of these refers to chemical properties and the latter social interaction, both are examples or diffusion. The cell membrane lets certain substances enter the cell and keeps certain substances out of the cell. The rate of diffusion depends on the nature of interaction between the medium and material. Which of the following best explains the process illustrated by the image? Direct link to Dovid Shaw's post how does the antiporter p, Posted 7 years ago. For example, while oxygen gas will diffuse slightly more quickly than carbon dioxide, both of them will move more quickly than iodine gas. In an isotonic solution, the flow of water in and out of the cell is happening at the same rate. In less developed countries, pesticides are typically applied by hand, whereas pesticides are typically applied by tractors or aircraft in more developed countries. Channels are very selective and will accept only one type of molecule (or a few closely related molecules) for transport. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. As time progresses, the differential gradient of concentrations between high and low will drop (become increasingly . If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack This is usually not directed in any particular manner, and can appear random. Actually, Sodium does go down its gradient but through specialized Sodium channels. This electricity can do work. The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication. This process requires some form of chemical energy. Which of the following best explains the spatial patterns illustrated in von Thnens model? What part of a cell membrane is usually in contact with the interstitial fluid? Direct link to auzennesylvester92's post Are these pumps negativel, Posted 5 years ago. The reaction proceeds towards completion at a faster rate. One phosphate group from ATP is attached to the pump, which is then said to be phosphorylated. Mr. Weddington was admitted to the hospital with chronic heart failure. The hypertonic solution is one one side of the membrane and the hypotonic solution on the other. Hi, I'm just a little curious, why can't 3 potassium ions be pumped out and 2 sodium ions pumped in(the other way around)? Imagine you have a cup that has \(100 \: \text{mL}\) water, and you add \(15 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. This barrier is called the plasma membrane, or cell membrane. 60 seconds. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. Phosphorylation makes the pump change shape, re-orienting itself so it opens towards the extracellular space. Put the food coloring back where you found it. Are these pumps negatively charge since they have a high affinity for the positive ions? Figure showing the transport cycle of the sodium-potassium pump. It can involve either the spreading of a material through a medium or the transport of a particle across a membrane. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? Epinephrine is taken into the cell by endocytosis; glycogen is converted to glucose in the endocytotic vesicle. \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=100 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { b. } Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration. To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. Wheat was first domesticated in Mesopotamia because of a favorable climate and a great diversity of wild grains that led to crossbreeding of seeds. Epinephrine diffuses through the plasma membrane; the hormone dimerizes in the cytosol. This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. Labor-intensive farming of vegetables is done in small-scale plots in market gardens, while extensive grain crops are grown in large-scale fields far from the market town. What part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic? A substance moves by facilitated diffusion into a cell. A not very well-studied A&P student heard about a phenomenon called water intoxication and thought it sounded fun so she decided to try it. Primary and secondary active transport. Midlatitude climates tend to support similar agricultural crops and practices, such as wheat farming in the United States and China. The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called ________. Imagine now that you have a second cup with \(100 \: \text{mL}\) of water, and you add \(45 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post yes, dimensions also play. A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is ________ to the cell. what is the main difference between active transport using a carrier protein, and passive transport using facilitated diffusion? Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? ; Diffusion occurs in liquids and gases when their particles collide randomly and . Does it move differently in the hot water than the cold water? All cells have a barrier around them that separates them from the environment and from other cells. The tonicity of the IV fluid doesn't matterthe patient won't be in the operating room that long so any tonicity would be OK for a couple of hours. Which of the following organelles will be abundant in liver cells? Main difference: In facilitated diffusion, the solute moves down the concentration gradient, from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. Direct link to Srichchha Pradhan's post There are certainly more , Posted 6 years ago. Dairy cows must be kept close to farmhouses, as they require daily milking, and milk must be produced close to consumers, as it is highly perishable. Predict what will happen to a patient's red blood cells if you give the patient an IV of pure water. The plasma membrane (see figure below) is made of a double layer of special lipids, known as phospholipids. In the context of the Second Agricultural Revolution, which of the following trends is represented in these images? All the ways scientists do investigations. The greater the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion. Which of the following explains the diffusion and successful cultivation of many plants and animals in new regions of the world through the Columbian Exchange? Both farming practices require considerable labor input because the fruit is picked by hand, making it a product of intensive agriculture. You now add the two solutions to a beaker that has been divided by a semipermeable membrane, with pores that are too small for the sugar molecules to pass through, but are big enough for the water molecules to pass through. Agricultural settlement patterns are partly determined by the survey system used to organize landownership. It mainly occur in liquid and gaseous substance as their particle can easily move from one place to another. Why does the diffusion of the solute down its concentration gradient release energy? Which of the following correctly explains the relationship between wheat and its early hearth of domestication? Which of the following best explains diffusion? The cytoplasm does not include the nucleus. Because diffusion happens from high concentration to low concentration, the more molecules are moving, the more opportunities they have to mix together. Both domesticated plants and animals spread across the globe through contagious diffusion in early years by farmers and traders, and later by relocation diffusion through European exploration and colonialism. For instance, most of a red blood cells energy is used to maintain internal sodium and potassium levels that differ from those of the surrounding environment. Diffusion is an important part of many biological and chemical processes. Which of the following best explains the reasons for the similarities and differences between the two land survey systems shown? Then tap the card to flip it. The use of improved plant hybrids and agricultural chemicals. What four steps should you take to reduce your risk for foodborne illnesses? At the exact same time, add 2-3 drops off food coloring into each glass. This occurs because there is a net movement of sugar molecules into the water medium. In biological systems, diffusion occurs at every moment, across membranes in every cell as well as through the body. The gradient is steep enough that potassium ions will move out of the cell (via channels), despite a growing negative charge on the interior. Water molecules will move from the side of higher water concentration to the side of lower concentration until both solutions are isotonic. However, the same phenomenon is not seen when immiscible liquids like petrol and water are mixed together. Great question since proteins are very large and complex they almost always have regions with different characteristics including patches that have negative or positive charges. Can you find a safe way to heat or cool the food coloring before adding it to the water? a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW, Find a real general solution of the following systems. Which of these statements about diffusion of molecules is true? Process of Osmosis vs. Diffusion . this is in relation to the electrochemical gradient section. selectively permeable: the characteristic of a membrane that allows some substances through but not others. During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. While they are confined to the smaller surface area within the crucible, the rate of diffusion remains low. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out. Facilitated diffusion is powered entirely by GTP hydrolysis B. Diffusion is the mixing of substances due to the movement of their particles. During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. Which of the following explains one of the negative consequences of the Green Revolution that would be of greater c, Runoff of agricultural chemicals into the local groundwater that pollutes water resources. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion that is helped along (facilitated by) a membrane transport channel. Mehrer, H. and Stolwijk, N. A. In most biological systems, diffusion occurs across a semi-permeable membrane made of a lipid bilayer. Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? It is an important process occurring in all living beings. This is also seen when two liquid reactants are mixed with one another. PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter, PS3.C: Relationship Between Energy and Forces. Which of the following explains an impact of globalized agricultural commodity chains on consumers as compared to producers? This is because in hot water, the water molecules have more energy and are moving faster than the molecules of cold water. Technological innovations, such as the devices shown in the images, and increased agricultural productivity led to better diets, longer life expectancies, and more people available for work in factories. By what endocytosis process do some white blood cells engulf bacteria? If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until both solutions are isotonic. C. The SER manufactures proteins for export from the cell. Her much more prepared A&P student roommate quickly realized the problem and called an ambulance. The sugar dissolves and the mixture that is now in the cup is made up of a solute (the sugar) that is dissolved in the solvent (the water). Type of active transport in which sodium and potassium are pumped across a membrane using ATP, Type of passive process in which water is moved through aquaporins, Type of passive process in which molecules move across the plasma membrane down a concentration gradient, Type of active process in which the cell engulfs extracellular substances by phagocytosis or pinocytosis.
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